Clinical evidence
The science, in the open.
Every claim traces to a study. Filter the library by device or indication — or start with the framework that connects them.
The MANA approach — our regeneration framework
Ablative fractional CO2 laser for facial atrophic acne scars: systematic review and evidence-based recommendations
Peng JH, et al. Dermatol Surg. 2018;44(2):187–200. PMID 29304516. Systematic review, 30 studies
Systematic review of 30 studies (12 retrospective, 18 RCTs) established ablative fractional CO2 as a well-validated treatment for acne scars with a comprehensive evidence base.
Advances in plasma skin regeneration
Foster KW, Moy RL, Fincher EF. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2008;7(3):169–179. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2008.00389.x. PMID 18789051
Histological studies confirmed continued collagen production, reduction of elastosis, and progressive skin rejuvenation beyond one year after treatment; FDA 510(k) clearance for rhytides, skin lesions, and actinic keratoses.
Facial aesthetic treatments with plasma radiofrequency ablation
Baroni A, et al. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021;20(8):2492–2496. PMID 33683794
Plasma radiofrequency ablation showed versatile efficacy across a range of facial aesthetic indications with rapid recovery time, described as "one of the most versatile minimally invasive techniques."
Fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser resurfacing for skin rejuvenation and acne scars in Asians
Chan NPY, Ho SGY, Yeung CK, Shek SYN, Chan HHL. Lasers Surg Med. 2010;42(9):615–623. PMID 20976801
Fractional CO2 laser was overall safe and effective for skin rejuvenation and acne scar treatment across Asian skin types, establishing a reference point for skin-of-color practice.
Microneedling therapy for atrophic acne scars: an objective evaluation
El-Domyati M, Barakat M, Awad S, Medhat W, El-Fakahany H, Farag H. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2015;8(7):36–42. PMC4509584
Objective evaluation combining physician assessment and histological analysis confirmed significant atrophic scar improvement after microneedling; clinical and histological findings correlated.
Microneedling: percutaneous collagen induction therapy for management of scars and photoaged skin — scientific evidence and review of the literature
Iriarte C, Awosika O, Rengifo-Pardo M, Ehrlich A. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2020;44(6):2202–2214. PMID 32875437
Literature review of 25 published studies found consistent evidence for percutaneous collagen induction in scar remodeling and skin rejuvenation; method preserves epidermis while promoting regeneration.
Percutaneous collagen induction therapy: an alternative treatment for scars, wrinkles, and skin laxity
Aust MC, Fernandes D, Kolokythas P, Kaplan HM, Vogt PM. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;121(4):1421–1429. PMID 18349650
Histological analysis confirmed collagen induction following microneedling, with clinical improvement in scars, wrinkles, and skin laxity; the technique was reproducible and well-tolerated.
The role of heat shock proteins in collagen remodeling: implications for aesthetic energy devices
Metz C, Goffin L. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2018;20(1):4–11. doi:10.1080/14764172.2017.1368634. PMID 28853624
Thermal stress (heat and cold) consistently upregulated HSP70 and HSP47 — the collagen-specific chaperone — in dermal fibroblasts, providing mechanistic support for temperature-conditioning protocols ahead of resurfacing procedures.
Treatment of acne scars using the plasma skin regeneration system
Gonzalez MJ, et al. Lasers Surg Med. 2008;40(2):124–127. doi:10.1002/lsm.20617. PMID 18306162
Single high-energy treatment produced measurable acne-scar improvement at three and six months by physician and patient assessment.
Treatment of acne scars with fractional CO2 laser at 1-month versus 3-month intervals: an intra-individual randomized controlled trial
Majid I, Imran S. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2014;16(2):70–74. PMID 24018777. Intra-individual RCT
Fractional CO2 laser produced significant scar improvement regardless of treatment interval, confirming efficacy of the modality as a reliable standard.